In this interview with Professor Chiaramonti of the Politecnico di Torino, we talk not only about the contribution sustainable biofuels provide towards decarbonising transport, but also about biorefineries. As regards the first point, the Professor informs us that in Italy around 1.5 million tonnes of oil equivalent consist of alternative fuels (equal to 8% of the total) and that with RED III, the objectives and % of use will be higher. As regards the second point, he tells us how, by integrating biomethane/RNG and biogas systems, agricultural companies can become actual biorefineries, where not only energy is produced, but also biofuels, fertilisers and soil improvers.